The stock market is a collection of markets and exchanges where activities such as buying, selling, and issuing shares of publicly-held companies take place. It provides a platform for companies to raise capital and for investors to potentially earn returns on their investments.

• • To start investing, you need to open a brokerage account with a reputable firm. Once your account is set up, you can research and choose stocks to buy. It’s important to understand the basics of investing, including risk management and diversification, before you begin.

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• • Stocks represent ownership shares in a company. When you buy a stock, you own a piece of that company. Stocks can provide returns through price appreciation (when the stock’s value increases) and dividends (periodic payments made by the company to shareholders).

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A bull market is characterized by rising stock prices and generally positive investor sentiment. In contrast, a bear market features declining stock prices and pessimistic outlooks. These market conditions can impact the value of investments and the overall economy.

Risk management can be achieved through diversification (spreading investments across different assets), setting stop-loss orders (to limit potential losses), and investing based on your risk tolerance and financial goals. Additionally, regular review and adjustment of your portfolio can help manage risk.